UML类图

UML

统一建模语言（Unified Modeling Language，缩写UML）是非专利的第三代建模和规约语言

UML类图作用

类图的作用：
（1）：在软件工程中，类图是一种静态的结构图，描述了系统的类的集合，类的属性和类之间的关系，可以简化了人们对系统的理解；
（2）：类图是系统分析和设计阶段的重要产物，是系统编码和测试的重要模型。

类图格式

在UML类图中，类使用包含类名、属性(field) 和方法(method) 且带有分割线的矩形来表示
定义一个类Animal

javascript

class Animal {

    public var name: String?
    internal var isPet: Bool?
    fileprivate var state: String?
    private var age: Int? = 0

    init() {
        this.name = "no name"
        this.age = 0
        this.isPet = true
        this.state = "dead"
    }

    getName() {
        return this.name!
    }

    setName(name: String?) {
        this.name = name
    }
}

class Animal {

    public var name: String?
    internal var isPet: Bool?
    fileprivate var state: String?
    private var age: Int? = 0

    init() {
        this.name = "no name"
        this.age = 0
        this.isPet = true
        this.state = "dead"
    }

    getName() {
        return this.name!
    }

    setName(name: String?) {
        this.name = name
    }
}

对应UML类图：

类与类之间的关系

案列

题目：
park.question.png
UML类图：
park.uml.png

点击查看【processon】

代码

typescript

// 生成uuid
function uuid() {
    const s: any[] = []
    const hexDigits = '0123456789abcdef'

    for (let i = 0; i < 36; i++) {
        s[i] = hexDigits.substr(Math.floor(Math.random() * 0x10), 1)
    }

    s[14] = '4' // bits 12-15 of the time_hi_and_version field to 0010

    s[19] = hexDigits.substr((s[19] & 0x3) | 0x8, 1) // bits 6-7 of the clock_seq_hi_and_reserved to 01

    s[8] = s[13] = s[18] = s[23] = '-'

    return s.join('')
}

// 随机数
function randomNum() {
    return Math.floor(Math.random() * 100)
}
// 车辆
class Car {
    // 车牌号
    public carPlate: string
    space: Space | null
    enterTime: number
    constructor(carPlate: string) {
        this.carPlate = carPlate
        this.space = null
        this.enterTime = 0
    }
}

// 车位
class Space {
    // 车位是否空
    public empty: boolean
    public spaceId: number

    constructor(spaceId: number) {
        this.spaceId = spaceId
        // 默认车位为空
        this.empty = true
    }
    enter() {
        this.empty = false
    }
    leave() {
        this.empty = true
    }
}

// 楼层
class Floor {
    // 楼层
    public level: number
    // 当前楼层所有车位
    public spaceList: Space[]

    constructor(level: number, spaceList: Space[] = []) {
        this.level = level
        this.spaceList = spaceList || []
    }
    // 剩余车位
    emptySpaceNum() {
        return this.spaceList.filter(item => item.empty).length
    }
}

interface IParkCar {
    carId: {
        // 进入时间
        enterTime: string
        // 停车时长
        stayTime: number
    }
}

// 摄像头
class Camera {
    // 抓拍识别
    shoot(car: Car) {
        return {
            ...car,
            enterTime: new Date().toLocaleString()
        }
    }
}

// 屏幕
class Screen {
    constructor() {}
    // 展示车辆信息
    showEnter(car: Car) {
        console.log(`车辆开始驶入++++++++\n车牌号：${car.carPlate}\n驶入时间：${car.enterTime}\n\n`)
    }
    // 展示车辆信息
    showLeave(car: Car) {
        const stayTime = (Date.now() - new Date(car.enterTime).getTime()) / 1000
        console.log(
            `车辆开始驶出--------\n车牌号：${car.carPlate}\n
                驶入时间：${car.enterTime}\n
                驶出时间：${new Date().toLocaleString()}\n
                停车时长：${stayTime}s\n\n`
        )
    }
}

// 停车场
class Park {
    // 停车场所有楼层
    public floorList: Floor[]
    public camera: Camera
    public screen: Screen
    public carList: {
        [propName: string]: IParkCar
    }
    constructor(floorList: Floor[] = []) {
        console.log('停车场初始化--------\n')
        this.floorList = floorList || []
        this.camera = new Camera()
        this.screen = new Screen()
        this.carList = {}
    }
    // 驶入
    enter(car: Car) {
        // 抓拍/摄像头抓拍
        const info: any = this.camera.shoot(car)
        // 随机一个车位
        const spaceIndex = randomNum()
        // 车位驶入
        const space: any = this.floorList[0].spaceList[spaceIndex]
        space.enter(car)

        // 记录信息
        info.space = space
        this.carList[car.carPlate] = info
        this.screen.showEnter(info)
        this.emptySpaceNum()
    }
    // 驶出
    leave(car: Car) {
        const info: any = this.carList[car.carPlate]
        const space = info.space
        space.leave()
        this.screen.showLeave(info)
    }
    emptySpaceNum() {
        const emptyNum = this.floorList
            .map(floor => `${floor.level}层还有${floor.emptySpaceNum()}个车位\n`)
            .join('\n')
        console.log(emptyNum)
        return emptyNum
    }
}

// 开始Test
// 停车场初始化
const floorList = []
const floorCount = 3
for (let i = 0; i < floorCount; i++) {
    const spaceList = []
    const spaceCount = 100
    for (let j = 0; j < spaceCount; j++) {
        // 车位初始化
        const space = new Space(j)
        spaceList.push(space)
    }
    // 楼层初始化
    const floor = new Floor(i, spaceList)
    floorList.push(floor)
}
const park = new Park(floorList)
console.clear()
console.log(park)

// 车辆初始化
const car1 = new Car(uuid())
const car2 = new Car(uuid())
const car3 = new Car(uuid())

park.enter(car1)
park.enter(car2)
setTimeout(() => {
    park.leave(car1)
    park.enter(car3)
    park.leave(car2)
    park.emptySpaceNum()
}, 5000)

// 生成uuid
function uuid() {
    const s: any[] = []
    const hexDigits = '0123456789abcdef'

    for (let i = 0; i < 36; i++) {
        s[i] = hexDigits.substr(Math.floor(Math.random() * 0x10), 1)
    }

    s[14] = '4' // bits 12-15 of the time_hi_and_version field to 0010

    s[19] = hexDigits.substr((s[19] & 0x3) | 0x8, 1) // bits 6-7 of the clock_seq_hi_and_reserved to 01

    s[8] = s[13] = s[18] = s[23] = '-'

    return s.join('')
}

// 随机数
function randomNum() {
    return Math.floor(Math.random() * 100)
}
// 车辆
class Car {
    // 车牌号
    public carPlate: string
    space: Space | null
    enterTime: number
    constructor(carPlate: string) {
        this.carPlate = carPlate
        this.space = null
        this.enterTime = 0
    }
}

// 车位
class Space {
    // 车位是否空
    public empty: boolean
    public spaceId: number

    constructor(spaceId: number) {
        this.spaceId = spaceId
        // 默认车位为空
        this.empty = true
    }
    enter() {
        this.empty = false
    }
    leave() {
        this.empty = true
    }
}

// 楼层
class Floor {
    // 楼层
    public level: number
    // 当前楼层所有车位
    public spaceList: Space[]

    constructor(level: number, spaceList: Space[] = []) {
        this.level = level
        this.spaceList = spaceList || []
    }
    // 剩余车位
    emptySpaceNum() {
        return this.spaceList.filter(item => item.empty).length
    }
}

interface IParkCar {
    carId: {
        // 进入时间
        enterTime: string
        // 停车时长
        stayTime: number
    }
}

// 摄像头
class Camera {
    // 抓拍识别
    shoot(car: Car) {
        return {
            ...car,
            enterTime: new Date().toLocaleString()
        }
    }
}

// 屏幕
class Screen {
    constructor() {}
    // 展示车辆信息
    showEnter(car: Car) {
        console.log(`车辆开始驶入++++++++\n车牌号：${car.carPlate}\n驶入时间：${car.enterTime}\n\n`)
    }
    // 展示车辆信息
    showLeave(car: Car) {
        const stayTime = (Date.now() - new Date(car.enterTime).getTime()) / 1000
        console.log(
            `车辆开始驶出--------\n车牌号：${car.carPlate}\n
                驶入时间：${car.enterTime}\n
                驶出时间：${new Date().toLocaleString()}\n
                停车时长：${stayTime}s\n\n`
        )
    }
}

// 停车场
class Park {
    // 停车场所有楼层
    public floorList: Floor[]
    public camera: Camera
    public screen: Screen
    public carList: {
        [propName: string]: IParkCar
    }
    constructor(floorList: Floor[] = []) {
        console.log('停车场初始化--------\n')
        this.floorList = floorList || []
        this.camera = new Camera()
        this.screen = new Screen()
        this.carList = {}
    }
    // 驶入
    enter(car: Car) {
        // 抓拍/摄像头抓拍
        const info: any = this.camera.shoot(car)
        // 随机一个车位
        const spaceIndex = randomNum()
        // 车位驶入
        const space: any = this.floorList[0].spaceList[spaceIndex]
        space.enter(car)

        // 记录信息
        info.space = space
        this.carList[car.carPlate] = info
        this.screen.showEnter(info)
        this.emptySpaceNum()
    }
    // 驶出
    leave(car: Car) {
        const info: any = this.carList[car.carPlate]
        const space = info.space
        space.leave()
        this.screen.showLeave(info)
    }
    emptySpaceNum() {
        const emptyNum = this.floorList
            .map(floor => `${floor.level}层还有${floor.emptySpaceNum()}个车位\n`)
            .join('\n')
        console.log(emptyNum)
        return emptyNum
    }
}

// 开始Test
// 停车场初始化
const floorList = []
const floorCount = 3
for (let i = 0; i < floorCount; i++) {
    const spaceList = []
    const spaceCount = 100
    for (let j = 0; j < spaceCount; j++) {
        // 车位初始化
        const space = new Space(j)
        spaceList.push(space)
    }
    // 楼层初始化
    const floor = new Floor(i, spaceList)
    floorList.push(floor)
}
const park = new Park(floorList)
console.clear()
console.log(park)

// 车辆初始化
const car1 = new Car(uuid())
const car2 = new Car(uuid())
const car3 = new Car(uuid())

park.enter(car1)
park.enter(car2)
setTimeout(() => {
    park.leave(car1)
    park.enter(car3)
    park.leave(car2)
    park.emptySpaceNum()
}, 5000)

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UML类图 ​

UML ​

UML类图作用 ​

类图格式 ​

类与类之间的关系 ​

案列 ​

UML类图

UML

UML类图作用

类图格式

类与类之间的关系

案列